Ovchinnikov A.S., Pleshakova I.G., Borodychev V.V., Dedova E.B., Sazanov M.A. - Irrigation Water Quality Normalization Ecological System in Conditions of Kalmykia

Written by Erkin Turdibaev

Tuesday, 13 June 2017

The article presents the regulation of water quality indicators used for irrigation, taking into account: the needs of the cultivated crop moisture type; natural landscape zone features; used methods and irrigation techniques; forming specific climatic conditions, as well as on the basis of compliance with environmental safety requirements. Based on the analysis and synthesis of the regulatory, methodological, literary and experimental materials the zonal system of soil-hydrogeological-reclamation assessment of the irrigation water quality was developed, including a gradation in the four classes of water quality, depending on the following parameters: the main soil types (heavy, medium, light and sands); the level of water-soluble salts in the soil layer 0-1.0 m, the degree and type of salinity, defined according to the traditional classification; the level of irrigation water mineralization; the degree of concentration in the water of basic ions certain quantities (HCO3-, Cl2+, SO42, Ca2 +, Mg2 + and Na +), causing the development of negative processes in the soil - chloride salinity, sodium and magnesium alkalinity, soda formation; level of hydrogen value (pH) in irrigation water without causing the decline in productivity of agricultural crops; hydrogeological conditions of soils in irrigated areas do not lead to a deterioration of environmental conditions - an acceptable level of groundwater, depending on the different degrees of mineralization (1.0-3.0, 3.0-5.0, and more than 5.0 g / l). The classification assessment of water quality used for irrigation in Kalmykia was made on the proposed zonal scale: water on the right-Egorlykskaya watering irrigation system for soil-hydrogeological-reclamation indicators related to quality class I, Volga water of good quality (I class); water on Chernozemelsky watering irrigation system (the rivers Terek and Kuma) is measured at the II-III class due to the increased mineralization and the danger of negative processes development in soils. Water of a local flood flow (small rivers and gullies) is of good quality (I class). At the same time, the stock accumulated in ponds and reservoirs in different years refers to the II-IV class of salinity and alkalinity hazard. Caspian Sea water is also suitable for irrigation (III class). Download (in Russian) (pdf, 3,76 Mb)  Source: http://cyberleninka.ru/

 

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